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Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
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Daytime sleep state misperception in a tertiary sleep centre population.

M S Schinkelshoek1, K de Wit2, V Bruggink2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Sleep-Wake Centre, Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, the Netherlands.

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PubMed
Summary

Sleep state misperception is common in narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnia, and sleep apnea. Longer sleep onset latency and reaching only non-REM sleep stage 1 predict misperception during daytime naps.

Keywords:
DreamsExcessive daytime sleepinessMultiple sleep latency testNarcolepsyObstructive sleep apnea

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Sleep state misperception, the discrepancy between perceived and actual sleep, is prevalent in sleep disorders.
  • Previous research primarily focused on nighttime misperception using polysomnography (PSG).
  • Daytime sleepiness is a key symptom in many sleep disorders, necessitating investigation into daytime sleep state misperception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the occurrence of sleep state misperception during daytime naps in patients with various sleep disorders.
  • To identify factors influencing sleep state misperception in individuals with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS).

Main Methods:

  • A prospective observational study involving patients undergoing a multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) for diagnosed sleep disorders.
  • Included patients with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) and type 2 (NT2), idiopathic hypersomnia (IH), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and insufficient sleep syndrome (ISS).
  • Statistical analysis using mixed models to determine predictors of sleep state misperception based on clinical data.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of sleep state misperception (classical and reverse) was similar across the studied sleep disorders, averaging 25%.
  • Longer sleep onset latency was a significant predictor of classical sleep state misperception.
  • Reaching only non-rapid eye movement (REM) sleep stage 1 during naps was also associated with classical sleep state misperception.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep state misperception is a common phenomenon during daytime naps in patients with narcolepsy, idiopathic hypersomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, and insufficient sleep syndrome.
  • Classical sleep state misperception during naps is more likely in patients with prolonged sleep onset latency and those who only achieve non-REM sleep stage 1.