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Critical Transport and Vortex Dynamics in a Thin Atomic Josephson Junction.

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We found that quantum phase slips cause dissipation in atomic Josephson junctions. This connects microscopic vortex dynamics to macroscopic resistive current in superfluids.

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic physics
  • Quantum condensed matter physics
  • Superfluidity

Background:

  • Atomic Josephson junctions are crucial for studying quantum transport.
  • Understanding dissipation in superfluids is key to controlling quantum devices.
  • The molecular Bose-Einstein condensation limit presents unique challenges for superfluid dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the onset of dissipation in an atomic Josephson junction.
  • To identify critical parameters delimiting dissipationless and dissipative transport.
  • To link microscopic vortex dynamics to macroscopic resistive current.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations of Fermi superfluids in the strong attraction limit.
  • Analysis of critical population imbalance and maximum Josephson current.
  • Identification of vortex ring nucleation and dynamics as the source of dissipation.

Main Results:

  • Simulations quantitatively agree with recent experimental findings.
  • Dissipation is unambiguously linked to vortex ring nucleation and dynamics.
  • Quantum phase slips are identified as the cause of resistive current.

Conclusions:

  • Microscopic features are directly connected to macroscopic dissipative transport.
  • A comprehensive description of vortex ring dynamics in inhomogeneous superfluids is provided.
  • The study offers insights into quantum transport and dissipation in superfluids.