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Active particle baths can surprisingly order passive particles. Increasing the noise in active isotropic baths enhances the ordering of passive anisotropic particles, revealing a fluctuation-driven mechanism for out-of-equilibrium systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Active matter systems exhibit complex behaviors driven by internal energy sources.
  • Understanding ordering phenomena in non-equilibrium systems is a key challenge.
  • Isotropic active baths typically do not induce ordering in passive anisotropic particles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if an isotropic active particle bath can promote ordering of anisotropic passive particles.
  • To uncover the underlying fluctuation-driven mechanism responsible for this ordering.
  • To demonstrate the applicability of the findings in relevant physical systems.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a general dynamical model for a nonconserved order parameter coupled to an active isotropic field.
  • Analysis of two specific examples: polar rods in an active bath and passive apolar suspensions in an active fluid.
  • Theoretical investigation of fluctuation-driven ordering mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • A fluctuation-driven mechanism was identified where active baths can order passive particles.
  • Increased noise strength in the active isotropic bath leads to enhanced ordering of passive particles.
  • The phenomenon was demonstrated in both a general model and specific physical examples.

Conclusions:

  • Active isotropic baths can induce ordering in passive anisotropic particles through a noise-enhanced mechanism.
  • The findings are relevant for understanding ordering transitions in out-of-equilibrium systems.
  • The theory is experimentally testable and has potential applications beyond active matter.