Macroalgal germplasm banking for conservation, food security, and industry

Area of Science:

• Marine Biology
• Conservation Science
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Ex situ seed banking, established in the early 20th century, is vital for crop line preservation, biodiversity conservation, and research.
• Current ex situ efforts predominantly focus on microalgae and terrestrial plants, with limited and uncoordinated collections for macroalgae (seaweeds).

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce macroalgal germplasm banking and its applications in conservation, industry, and mariculture.
• To advocate for a global, coordinated initiative for marine algal species germline preservation.
• To review technical advancements enabling successful macroalgal germplasm banking.

Main Methods:

• Literature review on ex situ seed banking principles and applications.
• Analysis of current macroalgal collections and international initiatives.
• Overview of technical advancements in germplasm preservation for marine algae.

Main Results:

• Macroalgal germplasm banking offers significant potential for conservation, industry, and mariculture.
• A coordinated international effort is lacking for marine algal germplasm preservation.
• Technical advancements are making macroalgal germplasm banking increasingly feasible.

Conclusions:

• A global, coordinated approach to macroalgal germplasm banking is essential for effective conservation and utilization of marine biodiversity.
• Investment in and development of macroalgal germplasm banking technologies are critical.
• This initiative will support ecosystem restoration, scientific research, and the sustainable development of mariculture industries.