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Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports
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IL-21 Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment

Ghita Chabab1, Nathalie Bonnefoy1, Virginie Lafont2

  • 1IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|February 16, 2020
PubMed

Keywords:
Antitumor activityCytokineERK pathwayImmune cellsJAK-STAT pathwaysLymphocytesMyeloid cellsPI3-kinase pathwayPro-tumoral activityRegulationSignaling pathwaysTranscription factorsTumor microenvironmentγc Cytokine family

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