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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
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Endocrine testing in obesity.

John P H Wilding1

  • 1Obesity and Endocrinology Research, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.

European Journal of Endocrinology
|February 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Endocrine disorders are common in obesity but specific testing and hormone treatment are rarely needed unless clinical features are present. Weight loss is key to resolving endocrine dysfunction in obese patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Dysfunction
  • Obesity Medicine

Background:

  • Endocrine disorders like Cushing's syndrome and hypothyroidism can cause weight gain and worsen metabolic dysfunction in obesity.
  • Common endocrine issues in obesity include gonadal dysfunction (testosterone deficiency, PCOS), hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis abnormalities, growth hormone-IGF-1 system issues, and vitamin D deficiency.
  • Endocrinologists frequently evaluate patients with obesity for endocrine testing and potential hormone therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize evidence and provide guidelines on endocrine testing and treatment in individuals with obesity.
  • To clarify when endocrine assessment and hormone therapy are indicated in obesity management.
  • To reduce unnecessary endocrine investigations and treatments in people with obesity.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of endocrine testing and treatment in obesity was conducted.
  • Guidelines were developed based on the systematic review findings.
  • Recommendations focus on the clinical presentation of endocrine syndromes in obesity.

Main Results:

  • Most endocrine testing is not recommended for obesity unless specific clinical features are present.
  • Hormone treatment for endocrine dysfunction in obesity is rarely required.
  • Screening for hypothyroidism is the main exception for routine endocrine testing in obesity.

Conclusions:

  • Guidelines aim to decrease unnecessary endocrine testing in obesity referrals.
  • Clinicians should prioritize supporting weight loss efforts in patients with obesity.
  • Successful weight loss can often correct existing endocrine dysfunctions.