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MMP-14 regulates innate immune responses to Eriocheir sinensis via tissue degradation

Ran Li1, Qinghao Meng1, Jinwei Huang1

  • 1Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, People's Republic of China.

Fish & Shellfish Immunology
|February 17, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes crucial for tissue repair and immunity. This study reveals that EsMMP-14 in Chinese mitten crabs plays a key role in their innate immune response and molting process.

Area of Science:

  • Crustacean immunology
  • Molecular biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes involved in extracellular matrix degradation, essential for tissue regeneration, growth, reproduction, and immunity.
  • While MMP functions in mammalian immunity are well-studied, their role in crustaceans remains largely unknown.
  • Understanding MMPs in crustaceans can provide insights into invertebrate immune mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Matrix metalloproteinase-14 (MMP-14) in the innate immune response of the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis.
  • To explore the involvement of EsMMP-14 in the molting process of E. sinensis.
  • To elucidate the function of MMPs in crustacean immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Cloning of the open reading frame (ORF) for Eriocheir sinensis MMP-14 (EsMMP-14).
  • Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) to analyze EsMMP-14 gene expression.
  • Stimulation experiments using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), poly I:C, and 20-Hydroxyecdysone.
  • Histological analysis (Hematoxylin and eosin staining) of infected crab tissues.
  • Gene knockdown experiments to assess the functional role of EsMMP-14.

Main Results:

  • EsMMP-14 gene expression was significantly upregulated by LPS, poly I:C, and 20-Hydroxyecdysone.
  • Knocking down EsMMP-14 preserved tissue morphology in the hepatopancreas and intestine after infection with Bacillus thuringiensis.
  • Downregulation of EsMMP-14 expression led to an increased survival rate in infected crabs.
  • EsMMP-14 is implicated in both the molting process and innate immunity in E. sinensis.

Conclusions:

  • EsMMP-14 plays a significant role in the innate immune response of Eriocheir sinensis.
  • The findings highlight the involvement of MMPs in crustacean immunity, addressing a gap in current knowledge.
  • EsMMP-14 is also suggested to be involved in the molting process of E. sinensis.
Keywords:
Accumulated mortalityBacterial infectionEriocheir sinensisInnate immunityMatrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)Muscle

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