Application Value of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Dilational Tracheostomy for ICU Critical Patients

To find out the application value of minimally invasive percutaneous dilational tracheostomy in critically ill patients in intensive care unit (ICU).

One hundred and forty critically ill patients who underwent tracheostomy in ICU of our hospital were included in the study from August 2016 to December 2017. They were divided into an observation group and a control group by random number table method, 70 in each group. The control group received conventional tracheotomy, while the observation group received percutaneous dilational tracheostomy. The operation time, incision length, amount of intraoperative bleeding and healing time of incision were compared between the two groups, and the changes of vital signs and complications after operation were recorded. The family members of the patients signed the informed consent.

The operation time, healing time and incision length of the observation group were (9.92±4.13) min, (1.31±0.21) cm and (6.91±0.72) d respectively, shorter than (24.09±6.82) min, (3.40±0.65) cm and (67.48±0.61) d in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The amount of intraoperative bleeding of the observation group was (7.81±1.83) mL, less than (16.34±2.83) mL in the control group; the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The heart rate and oxygen saturation of the observation group before and during the operation were not significantly different (P>0.05). The heart rate of the control group during the operation was significantly higher than that before the operation (P<0.05); the oxygen saturation of the control group before and during the operation had no significant difference (P>0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was 24.3%, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (55.7%, X²=8.279, P=0.014).

Minimally invasive percutaneous dilational tracheostomy has advantages of small trauma, less infection and beautiful incision, and it will not increase postoperative complications. It is of great value in the treatment of ICU critical patients.