Inherited chromosomally integrated HHV-6 possibly modulates human gene expression

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Human Genetics
• Transcriptomics

Background:

• Approximately 1% of the human population carries inherited chromosomally integrated human herpesvirus 6A and 6B (iciHHV-6A/B) in their genome.
• Previous research indicated iciHHV-6A/B may enhance immune responses against HHV-6.
• The impact of iciHHV-6A/B on human gene expression remains largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the effect of iciHHV-6A/B on global human gene expression across various tissues.
• To identify specific human genes whose expression is altered in individuals carrying iciHHV-6A/B.

Main Methods:

• Global transcriptome analysis was performed on human tissue datasets.
• Individuals were classified as positive or negative for iciHHV-6A/B.
• Differential gene expression analysis was conducted between these groups.

Main Results:

• Transcriptional expression of iciHHV-6A/B was found to be sporadic within the human body.
• Significant differences in gene expression were identified between iciHHV-6A/B-positive and -negative individuals.
• Notably, the expression of immunoglobulin-encoding genes decreased in the sigmoid colon of iciHHV-6A/B-positive individuals.

Conclusions:

• iciHHV-6A/B exhibits sporadic transcriptional activity in humans.
• Altered gene expression, particularly decreased immunoglobulin expression in the colon, is associated with iciHHV-6A/B.
• These findings suggest a potential role for iciHHV-6A/B in human health maintenance.