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Longitudinal patterns of cortical thinning in multiple sclerosis.

Charidimos Tsagkas1,2,3, M Mallar Chakravarty4,5,6, Laura Gaetano7

  • 1Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland.

Human Brain Mapping
|February 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Cortical thickness (CTh) in multiple sclerosis (MS) did not differ between subtypes. While T2 lesions correlated with CTh reduction, CTh changes over time showed distinct associations with clinical progression across relapsing-remitting and progressive MS forms.

Keywords:
MRIT2 lesionsatrophybiomarkerscortical thicknessmultiple sclerosis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Medical research

Background:

  • Cortical atrophy in multiple sclerosis (MS) correlates with clinical and neuropsychological deficits.
  • Understanding the evolution of cortical thickness (CTh) across different MS subtypes is crucial for tracking disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporospatial differences in CTh evolution among MS subtypes.
  • To examine the association between CTh, white matter lesions (T2LV), and clinical progression (EDSS).

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 243 MS patients (RRMS, SPMS, PPMS) over 6 years.
  • Annual MRI for T2LV and CTh measurement.
  • Annual clinical assessment including EDSS.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in CTh was observed between MS subtypes.
  • Higher T2LV was associated with generalized CTh reduction but not with CTh changes over time.
  • In relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), CTh changes negatively correlated with EDSS changes across multiple brain regions.
  • In progressive MS (SPMS and PPMS), associations between CTh and EDSS changes varied, suggesting distinct progression mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Brain lesion load increase does not immediately cause CTh reduction.
  • Despite similar CTh at baseline, distinct temporal relationships between CTh and EDSS changes in RRMS versus progressive MS suggest differing contributions of pathology to clinical decline.