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Published on: August 9, 2012
Does ketamine ameliorate the social stress-related bladder dysfunction in mice?
Stephen Shei-Dei Yang1,2, Hsi-Hsien Chang1, Shang-Jen Chang1,2
1Division of Urology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan.
Aims:
The aim of this study is to investigate whether ketamine could relieve the social stress (SS)-related bladder dysfunction in mice.
Materials And Methods:
The FVB mice were randomly assigned to either undergo SS exposure for 60 minutes per day on seven consecutive days for 4 weeks (SS1) or control without SS (SS0). The SS0 were then allocated to single or no injection of ketamine (SS0K1 and SS0K0). In the group of SS1, the SS1 mice were allocated to receive single injection of saline (SS1K0), single dose (SS1K1) or five daily dose of (SS1K5) ketamine injection (25 mg/kg/day/ip) since day 22. In vivo cystometry and tissue bath wire myography were performed on day 29. Serum and urine level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results:
In mice without social stress exposure, ketamine administration did not significantly affect voiding frequency (P > .05). SS1 K0 , SS1 K1, and SS1 K5 had significantly lower voiding frequency than that of control (SS1 K0 ) (each n = 15, P < .05). Ketamine administration reversed the trend of decreased voiding frequency in SS1 mice. Stressed mice had significant higher serum level of BDNF that reduced by short-term ketamine. Stressed mice had detrusor overactivity and impaired detrusor contractility which were not reversed by short-term ketamine.
Conclusions:
Social stress leads to elevated serum BDNF, infrequent voiding, detrusor overactivity, and impaired contractility. Short-term administration of ketamine may improve SS-related infrequent voiding and elevated serum BDNF level. However, ketamine did not improve SS-related bladder dysfunction on urodynamic and myography studies.
Insights
Ketamine may improve social stress-induced infrequent voiding and reduce elevated BDNF levels in mice. However, it did not reverse detrusor overactivity or impaired contractility, indicating limited effects on overall bladder dysfunction.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Urology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Social stress (SS) is linked to bladder dysfunction.
- Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may play a role in stress-related conditions.
- Investigating therapeutic interventions for stress-induced urological issues is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if ketamine can alleviate bladder dysfunction caused by social stress in mice.
- To assess the impact of ketamine on social stress-induced changes in voiding frequency and serum BDNF levels.
- To evaluate ketamine's effect on detrusor overactivity and contractility.
Main Methods:
- FVB mice were exposed to social stress (SS) or control conditions for 4 weeks.
- Ketamine (25 mg/kg/day) was administered to stressed mice at different time points.
- In vivo cystometry, tissue bath wire myography, and ELISA for BDNF were performed.
Main Results:
- Social stress led to infrequent voiding, elevated serum BDNF, detrusor overactivity, and impaired contractility.
- Ketamine administration reversed the trend of decreased voiding frequency in stressed mice.
- Ketamine reduced elevated serum BDNF levels but did not improve detrusor overactivity or contractility.
Conclusions:
- Short-term ketamine administration may improve social stress-related infrequent voiding and elevated serum BDNF.
- Ketamine did not reverse the urodynamic and myographic impairments associated with social stress.
- Further research is needed to understand ketamine's complex effects on stress-induced bladder dysfunction.
