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Quorum-sensing active particles with discontinuous motility.

Andreas Fischer1, Friederike Schmid1, Thomas Speck1

  • 1Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Staudingerweg 7-9, 55128 Mainz, Germany.

Physical Review. E
|February 20, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a dynamic mean-field theory for active particles that self-generate chemical signals, explaining dense aggregate formation and active gas coexistence without a critical point.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Active particles generate self-fields, influencing collective behavior.
  • Conventional chemotaxis involves continuous responses to chemical gradients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Develop a dynamic mean-field theory for polar active particles with discontinuous motility responses.
  • Explain the coexistence of dense aggregates and active gas phases.
  • Investigate the induction of collective behaviors like vortex clusters.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical solutions of coupled linear equations for density and polarization.
  • Numerical simulations of confined active particles with volume exclusion.
  • Development of an effective translational diffusion coefficient.

Main Results:

  • Inhomogeneous density profiles and coexistence of dense aggregates with active gas.
  • Absence of a critical point, differing from liquid-gas coexistence.
  • Quantitative agreement between analytical predictions and simulations.
  • Induction of vortex clusters through gradient-directed responses.

Conclusions:

  • The dynamic mean-field theory accurately describes active particle behavior and aggregation.
  • Discontinuous motility responses lead to unique phase behaviors.
  • Engineered motility responses can achieve aggregation and collective behavior under various conditions.