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Surrogacy relationships: a critical interpretative review.

Jenny Gunnarsson Payne1, Elzbieta Korolczuk1, Signe Mezinska1,2

  • 1Department of Historical and Contemporary Studies, Sodertorns Hogskola, Huddinge, Sweden.

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|February 20, 2020
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Summary

This review proposes a new typology of surrogacy arrangements, moving beyond simple commercial/altruistic or traditional/gestational divides. It identifies four relational types based on contact, expectations, exchange, and context to inform bioethical debates.

Keywords:
Assisted reproductioncritical interpretative reviewethnographyqualitative interviewsqualitative methodsrelational ethicsreproductive justicesurrogacysurrogate motherhood

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Social Psychology
  • Anthropology
  • Gender Studies
  • Bioethics

Background:

  • Existing research on surrogacy often categorizes arrangements simplistically.
  • A relational perspective on surrogacy experiences is crucial for deeper understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel typology of surrogacy arrangements based on relational dynamics.
  • To inform bioethical and policy discussions on transnational surrogacy.

Main Methods:

  • Critical interpretative review of 39 qualitative studies on surrogacy.
  • Analysis of surrogate and intended parent 'lived experiences' from a relational viewpoint.
  • Inclusion of studies from diverse disciplines and multiple countries.

Main Results:

  • Identified four types of surrogacy relationships: open, restricted, structured, and enmeshed.
  • Key influencing factors include contact frequency/nature, expectations, exchange type, and socio-cultural-legal-economic contexts.
  • The typology transcends traditional altruistic/commercial and traditional/gestational classifications.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed typology offers a more nuanced understanding of surrogacy arrangements.
  • This framework can guide future research and policy development in a transnational context.
  • Advances a relational justice approach to surrogacy.