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Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Measurement of Heme Synthesis Levels in Mammalian Cells

Measurement of Heme Synthesis Levels in Mammalian Cells

Published on: July 9, 2015

Hemoglobin-derived peptides and mood regulation.

Fengmei Wei¹, Long Zhao², Yuhong Jing³

¹Department of Physiology and Psychology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China.

|February 20, 2020

Summary

Red blood cells and hemoglobin fragments influence mood and emotions. These bioactive peptides, derived from hemoglobin, show potential for treating mood disorders by interacting with cannabinoid and opioid systems.

Keywords:

Cannabinoid receptors Emotion Hemoglobin Mood Opioid receptors

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A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood

A RAPID Method for Blood Processing to Increase the Yield of Plasma Peptide Levels in Human Blood

Published on: April 28, 2016

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biochemistry
Pharmacology

Background:

Red blood cells and hemoglobin (Hb) are increasingly recognized for their roles in mood and emotion regulation.
Hemoglobin is primarily composed of protein, and its breakdown yields bioactive peptides.
These peptides interact with key neurochemical systems involved in emotional processing.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the function of hemoglobin-derived peptides in modulating mood and emotional states.
To investigate the potential therapeutic applications of these peptides in mood disorders.

Main Methods:

Analysis of hemoglobin (Hb) structure and hydrolysis to identify bioactive peptides.
Characterization of RVD-hemopressin α (RVD-Hpα) as a modulator of cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2.
Assessment of hemorphins (e.g., LVV-hemorphin-6, LVV-hemorphin-7) for their effects on opioid receptors and anxiolytic-like activity.

Main Results:

RVD-hemopressin α (RVD-Hpα) acts as a negative allosteric modulator of cannabinoid receptor 1 and a positive allosteric modulator of cannabinoid receptor 2.
Hemorphins, derived from the β-chain of Hb, interact with opioid receptors.
Specific hemorphins, LVV-hemorphin-6 and LVV-hemorphin-7, demonstrated anxiolytic-like effects in preliminary studies.

Conclusions:

Hemoglobin-derived peptides, including RVD-Hpα and hemorphins, possess significant neuromodulatory functions.
The interaction between cannabinoid and opioid systems, mediated by these peptides, offers a novel therapeutic target.
Hb-derived bioactive peptides represent a promising avenue for the development of treatments for mood disorders.