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Related Concept Videos

Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm01:19

Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm

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The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process is essential for efficient blood circulation throughout the body. The fundamental elements involved in establishing and maintaining this rhythm include the unique electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node's pacemaker function, the specialized conducting system, and the ionic mechanisms underlying each phase...
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ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

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Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
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Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per...
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The electrical signals recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG) occur before the mechanical processes of contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
A cardiac action potential originates in the SA node and spreads throughout the atria and the AV node in approximately 0.03 seconds. This results in the P wave in an ECG and triggers atrial contraction. The action potential is then briefly slowed at the AV node, allowing the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood before...
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Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
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Cardiac Action Potential01:30

Cardiac Action Potential

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Cardiac action potentials are essential for proper heart function, enabling the rhythmic contractions needed for adequate blood circulation. Nodal cells and Purkinje fibers, specialized for electrical conduction, generate these action potentials.
The cardiac action potential process involves a series of phases characterized by the movement of ions across the cardiac cell membranes, leading to the depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac myocytes.
Ionic Basis of Cardiac Action Potentials
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Real-Time Cardiac Mapping with a Noninvasive Imageless Electrocardiographic Imaging System
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An uncommon ECG manifestation of normal pacemaker function.

Sharath K Kumar1, Christopher D Morgan1, Michael Jordan-Watt2

  • 1Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada.

Journal of Arrhythmia
|February 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary

An abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) in a pacemaker patient was caused by a physiological sensor artifact. Activating enhanced pacemaker detection on ECG machines can trigger this artifact, requiring careful evaluation.

Keywords:
artifactclosed loop stimulationelectrocardiogramelectromagnetic interferencepacemaker

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Device Technology

Background:

  • Pacemakers are crucial for managing cardiac arrhythmias.
  • Electrocardiograms (ECGs) are standard diagnostic tools for cardiac assessment.
  • Pacemaker technology includes advanced features for improved patient monitoring.

Observation:

  • An asymptomatic patient with a pacemaker presented with a presumed abnormal ECG.
  • Systematic ECG evaluation revealed the abnormality was artifactual.
  • The artifact appeared upon activation of enhanced pacemaker detection features on the ECG machine.

Findings:

  • The artifact originated from a physiological sensor within the pacemaker.
  • Enhanced pacemaker detection algorithms can interact with pacemaker sensors.
  • This interaction can lead to misinterpretation of the ECG tracing.

Implications:

  • Clinicians must be aware of potential ECG artifacts related to pacemaker technology.
  • Systematic evaluation is crucial to differentiate true abnormalities from artifacts.
  • Understanding these artifacts can prevent misdiagnosis and inappropriate clinical decisions.