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Area of Science:

  • Planetary Science
  • Geophysics
  • Astrophysics

Background:

  • Small planetesimals, like asteroid (16) Psyche, may have exposed metallic cores after mantle removal via collisions.
  • These bodies likely solidified top-down, differing from Earth's core solidification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model the downwards solidification of metallic crusts in small planetesimals.
  • To investigate thermal convection and viscous delamination as mechanisms for dynamo generation.
  • To determine the source of paleomagnetic remanence in bodies like asteroid (16) Psyche.

Main Methods:

  • Simplified modeling of downwards metallic crust solidification.
  • Analysis of thermal convection and viscous delamination dynamics.
  • Inclusion of light, insoluble impurities (e.g., sulfur) to assess their impact.

Main Results:

  • Thermal buoyancy provides a short-lived buoyancy flux insufficient for sustained dynamo action.
  • Viscous delamination offers a long-lasting buoyancy flux capable of generating intense magnetic fields.
  • A Psyche-sized body (150 km radius) is predicted to solidify in 6.7–20 Myr, with delamination driving a strong magnetic field.
  • Inclusion of sulfur creates a mushy zone, altering delamination dynamics but yielding comparable solidification times and magnetic field properties.

Conclusions:

  • Viscous delamination is the primary mechanism for generating strong, long-lasting magnetic fields in small, solidifying planetesimals.
  • The solidification process and magnetic field generation are broadly similar with or without sulfur, though impurities may cause compositional stratification.