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Gender Differences in Functional Movement Disorders.

José Fidel Baizabal-Carvallo1,2, Joseph Jankovic1

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Movement Disorders Clinical Practice
|February 20, 2020
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Summary

Functional neurological disorders are more common in females. Males with functional movement disorders (FMDs) present later in life and are less likely to have functional dystonia compared to females.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Movement Disorders
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Functional neurological disorders (FNDs) exhibit a notable gender disparity, being more prevalent in females.
  • The underlying reasons for this observed gender difference in FNDs remain largely unexplained.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comparative analysis of clinical and demographic characteristics of functional movement disorders (FMDs) between male and female patient cohorts.
  • Investigate potential gender-specific patterns in the presentation and diagnosis of FMDs.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective examination of clinical data and video recordings of patients diagnosed with FMDs.
  • Data collected from patients evaluated at the Baylor College of Medicine Movement Disorders Clinic.

Main Results:

  • Males constituted 30% of the 196 FMD patients, with an older age at onset and evaluation compared to females.
  • Functional dystonia was more prevalent in females (47.5%), while functional gait disorder showed a trend towards higher frequency in males (44%).
  • Females were over-represented in pediatric and adolescent populations (73.7%), with equal gender representation observed in individuals aged 50 years and older.

Conclusions:

  • Functional movement disorders (FMDs) predominantly affect females, with the exception of individuals aged 50 and above.
  • Male patients with FMDs tend to be diagnosed later in life and are less prone to developing functional dystonia compared to their female counterparts.