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Heat illness. II. Pathogenesis.

F P Ellis

    Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
    |January 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study reviews how high temperatures cause irreversible damage, affecting organs like the kidney and liver. It examines electrolyte imbalances, rhabdomyolysis, and drug interactions in heat stroke cases.

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    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Medicine
    • Physiology

    Background:

    • Elevated temperatures can cause significant physiological stress and irreversible damage.
    • Understanding the complex interplay of factors contributing to heat-related illness is crucial for prevention and treatment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To outline the effects of elevated temperatures and time-temperature combinations on the body.
    • To review the physiological consequences of heat exposure, including organ damage, electrolyte disturbances, and rhabdomyolysis.
    • To discuss the role of drugs and present a case study of fatal heat stroke.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of studies on heat stress and its physiological effects.
    • Analysis of coagulation abnormalities, organ-specific damage (kidney, liver, heart, brain), and serum enzyme changes.

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  • Examination of electrolyte and water balance, including salt and potassium deficiencies, sweat solutes, and rhabdomyolysis.
  • Review of drug effects and a case report of heat stroke.

    • Main Results:

    • High temperatures and prolonged exposure lead to irreversible tissue damage.
    • Significant effects observed on coagulation, kidney, liver, heart, and brain function.
    • Electrolyte and water imbalances, including salt and potassium deficiencies, are critical factors.
    • Rhabdomyolysis is a notable consequence, with experimental data discussed.
    • Certain drugs, like chlorpromazine, may increase the risk of severe heat stroke.

    Conclusions:

    • Heat exposure poses severe risks to multiple organ systems.
    • Maintaining electrolyte and water balance is vital in managing heat-related illnesses.
    • Pharmacological agents can influence heat stroke severity and outcomes.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms and management strategies for heat stroke.