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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

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The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
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Sutures of the Skull01:22

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The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
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Muscles for Facial Expressions01:14

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The craniofacial muscles are a collection of approximately 20 thin skeletal muscles situated beneath the skin of the face and scalp. These muscles, primarily responsible for the vast array of human facial expressions, originate from the bones or fibrous structures of the skull and extend outwards to connect with the skin. While most skeletal muscles in the body are enveloped in thick fascia, facial muscles generally have a more delicate fascial covering, with the buccinator muscle being a...
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Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

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The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
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Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

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Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
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Overview of the Skull01:08

Overview of the Skull

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The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Visualization of the Superior Ocular Sulcus during Danio rerio Embryogenesis
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The sphenozygomatic fissure.

M C Rusu1, F Pop2, M Săndulescu2

  • 1Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania. anatomon@gmail.com.

Folia Morphologica
|February 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered a new anatomical variant, the sphenozygomatic fissure, in the orbit. This fissure, a gap between the sphenoid and zygomatic bones, has significant clinical implications for orbital surgery and trauma.

Keywords:
cone-beam computed tomographyhiatusorbitorbital herniatemporal fossa

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Radiology
  • Orbital Anatomy

Background:

  • The lateral orbital wall separates the orbit from the temporal fossa.
  • The sphenozygomatic suture typically unites the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and the zygomatic bone.

Observation:

  • A retrospective analysis of cone-beam computed tomography scans in a 56-year-old female revealed an unreported anatomical variant.
  • This variant involved a large, bilateral unossified space between the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and the zygomatic bone, termed the sphenozygomatic fissure.

Findings:

  • The identified sphenozygomatic fissure extended inferiorly, merging with the inferior orbital fissure.
  • A potential cause is an imbalanced membranous ossification process affecting both the zygomatic bone and the orbital surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone.

Implications:

  • This previously undocumented variant may permit orbital fat herniation into the temporal fossa.
  • The fissure presents a risk of damage during minor trauma and requires careful consideration during lateral orbital wall surgical approaches.