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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management01:16

Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management

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Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
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Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management01:22

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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...
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Nursing management for nephrotic syndrome adapts as the disease progresses, with strategies evolving to address advancing symptoms and complications.Early-Stage Management In the early stages, nursing interventions for nephrotic syndrome resemble those used in managing acute glomerulonephritis, focusing on symptom monitoring, fluid balance, and managing mild to moderate edema.Vital Signs: Regularly monitor blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, and temperature to promptly identify...
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Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

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Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living...
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Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

694
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
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Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
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5/6th Nephrectomy in Combination with High Salt Diet and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition to Induce Chronic Kidney Disease in the Lewis Rat
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Compensatory Changes in Parenchymal Mass and Function after Radical Nephrectomy.

Diego Aguilar Palacios1, Elvis R Caraballo1, Hajime Tanaka1,2

  • 1Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.

The Journal of Urology
|February 20, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Radical nephrectomy can lead to kidney function loss. The remaining kidney compensates well, especially in younger patients with lower preoperative kidney function and a healthier removed kidney.

Keywords:
kidney function testskidney neoplasmsnephrectomyoutcomes

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Urology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Radical nephrectomy can impair renal function.
  • Kidney compensation after surgery is crucial, especially in elderly patients with comorbidities.
  • Limited data exists on long-term renal functional compensation in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the extent of renal functional compensation by the preserved kidney after radical nephrectomy.
  • To identify predictors of renal functional compensation in elderly patients with comorbidities.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 273 patients undergoing radical nephrectomy without end-stage renal disease.
  • Measurement of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and renal parenchymal volume.
  • Use of multiple regression to identify predictive factors for renal functional compensation.

Main Results:

  • Renal functional compensation was observed, peaking at 26% within 3 months and stabilizing by 5 years.
  • Renal parenchymal volume increased by 10%, and functional efficiency per unit volume increased by 8%.
  • Younger age, lower preoperative eGFR, and higher split function of the removed kidney predicted greater compensation.

Conclusions:

  • Renal functional compensation after radical nephrectomy is significant and sustained.
  • Compensation is influenced by patient age, baseline kidney function, and the function of the removed kidney.
  • Increased kidney mass and improved functional efficiency contribute to compensation.