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The association between climate, geography and respiratory syncitial virus hospitalizations among children in

Dhenuka Radhakrishnan1,2,3, Alexandra Ouedraogo4, Salimah Z Shariff4

  • 1Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada. dhenuka@gmail.com.

BMC Infectious Diseases
|February 21, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Cold temperatures increase the risk of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalizations in children. Socioeconomic factors also play a significant role in RSV risk, highlighting the need for targeted public health interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of pediatric hospitalization in Canada.
  • Existing immunoprophylaxis targets high-risk children, but community-wide risk factors require further investigation.
  • The association between cold temperatures and RSV hospitalizations remains an area of interest.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between ambient temperature and RSV hospitalizations in children.
  • To identify environmental and socioeconomic factors associated with RSV hospitalization in Ontario, Canada.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based nested case-control study was conducted using health administrative data in Ontario.
  • Children hospitalized for RSV between 2011-2012 were compared to age- and sex-matched controls.
  • Multivariable logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographic and environmental variables.

Main Results:

  • Warmer temperatures were associated with decreased odds of RSV hospitalization (OR=0.94).
  • Increased odds of RSV hospitalization were linked to southern ecozones (OR=1.6), higher ozone levels (OR=1.03), and lower neighborhood income (OR=1.3).
  • Living with more siblings also increased RSV hospitalization odds in a sub-cohort (OR=1.34).

Conclusions:

  • Colder temperatures are associated with a higher likelihood of RSV hospitalization in Ontario children.
  • Socioeconomic factors, including neighborhood income and household size, are significant predictors of RSV hospitalization risk.
  • Findings suggest a need for public health strategies addressing environmental and socioeconomic determinants of RSV.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildrenHospital admissionRespiratory syncytial virusTemperature

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