Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

417
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
417
Visual System01:26

Visual System

1.5K
Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
1.5K
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

13.9K
Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
13.9K
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

3.5K
3.5K
Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

554
The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
554
Column Efficiency: Rate Theory01:12

Column Efficiency: Rate Theory

822
The rate theory of chromatography provides quantitative insight into the shapes and widths of elution bands. These bands are based on the random-walk mechanism governing molecular migration within a column. The Gaussian profile of chromatographic bands arises from the cumulative effect of random molecular motions as they progress through the column.
During elution, a solute molecule experiences numerous transitions between stationary and mobile phases, exhibiting irregular residence times in...
822

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A machine learning study of the effect of thrombolysis on outcome at discharge in the UK stroke registry: how does benefit compare with clinical trials?

European stroke journal·2026
Same author

3D virtual histopathology of human breast tissues using an X-ray grating interferometry micro CT system.

Experimental and molecular pathology·2026
Same author

Genetic and epidemiological evidence linking respiratory and musculoskeletal diseases: shared risk factors and intervention windows.

Respiratory research·2026
Same author

Category specificity in holistic processing: Reciprocal face-word interference does not extend to body stimuli.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same author

Discovery of gene-alcohol interaction loci influencing blood pressure in 1.1 million individuals from multiple populations.

Research square·2026
Same author

Have I seen you before? Evaluating the learning of naturalistic faces and faces in art.

Neuropsychologia·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

2.7K

Holistic word processing is correlated with efficiency in visual word recognition.

Paulo Ventura1,2, Tânia Fernandes3,4, Alexandre Pereira5

  • 1CICPSI, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal. paulo.ventura@gmail.com.

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
|February 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Holistic processing of visual words, where all letters are encoded, is linked to expert reading. Skilled readers showing a larger word-composite effect had a smaller word-frequency effect, indicating more efficient visual word recognition.

Keywords:
Correlation between holistic word processes and lexical effectsHolistic word processesLexical effects

More Related Videos

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: June 25, 2019

9.6K
Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color
10:27

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

Published on: February 20, 2014

23.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

2.7K
Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: June 25, 2019

9.6K
Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color
10:27

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

Published on: February 20, 2014

23.3K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Reading Science

Background:

  • Holistic processing of visual words is theorized as a hallmark of expert reading.
  • The word-composite effect measures the extent to which all parts of a visual word are processed.
  • The word-frequency effect reflects the speed of accessing orthographic lexicon representations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between the word-composite effect and fast orthographic lexicon access in fluent adult readers.
  • To determine if holistic processing is a direct marker of expert word recognition efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • An individual differences approach was employed.
  • The word-frequency effect, measured via lexical decision tasks, served as a proxy for lexicon access speed.
  • Participants were fluent adult readers.

Main Results:

  • A negative correlation was found: fluent readers with a larger word-composite effect exhibited a smaller word-frequency effect.
  • This association was primarily driven by faster lexical decisions for low-frequency words among readers with a larger composite effect.
  • This suggests less stable/unitized orthographic representations in these readers, allowing for differentiation.

Conclusions:

  • Holistic processing of visual words is demonstrably related to enhanced efficiency in visual word recognition among skilled readers.
  • The findings support the role of holistic processing as a key component of expert reading proficiency.
  • Individual differences in holistic processing correlate with variations in lexical access speed.