Waveform discrimination in a pair of pulse-generating electric fishes

Studies of pulse-type gymnotiform electric fishes have suggested that electric organ discharge waveforms (EODw) allow individuals to discriminate between conspecific and allospecific signals, but few have approached this experimentally. Here we implement a phase-locked playback technique for a syntopic species pair, Brachyhypopomus gauderio and Gymnotus omarorum. Both species respond to changes in stimulus waveform with a transitory reduction in the interpulse interval of their self-generated discharge, providing strong evidence of discrimination. We also document sustained rate changes in response to different EODws, which may suggest recognition of natural waveforms.