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Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
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European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020.

W J Fokkens1, V J Lund2, C Hopkins3

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

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|February 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020 (EPOS2020) offers updated evidence-based guidelines for managing acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). It includes new classifications, care pathways, and input from pharmacists and patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • The European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS) guidelines have been regularly updated since 2005.
  • The previous iteration, EPOS2012, provided a foundation for managing rhinosinusitis.
  • Significant advancements in research and clinical practice necessitated a comprehensive update.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide revised, up-to-date, and clear evidence-based recommendations for acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).
  • To establish integrated care pathways for ARS and CRS management.
  • To address areas not extensively covered in previous EPOS papers, such as pediatric CRS and sinus surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of literature published since EPOS2012.
  • Inclusion of new stakeholders like pharmacists and patients.
  • A Delphi exercise to address remaining clinical questions.
  • Development of new classifications for CRS and updated guidance for research definitions and outcome measurements.

Main Results:

  • EPOS2020 presents a novel classification of CRS into primary and secondary, further divided into localized and diffuse disease.
  • Extensive chapters cover epidemiology, predisposing factors, inflammatory mechanisms, diagnosis, and management of various related conditions.
  • Rewritten chapters focus on pediatric ARS and CRS, with integrated care pathways proposed for adults and children.

Conclusions:

  • EPOS2020 offers comprehensive, evidence-based guidance for rhinosinusitis management, incorporating new research and stakeholder perspectives.
  • The guidelines aim to improve patient care through updated recommendations and integrated pathways.
  • Future research needs are identified to further advance the field of rhinosinusitis treatment.