Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

4.2K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
4.2K
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.7K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.7K
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

3.7K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
3.7K
Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

3.1K
Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
3.1K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.3K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
2.3K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching01:17

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching

2.3K
The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
2.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of the <i>Soc</i> gene in T4 bacteriophage and mutant construction].

Sheng wu gong cheng xue bao = Chinese journal of biotechnology·2026
Same author

Sunflower NAC84 confers plant salt and drought tolerance and yield-increasing potential.

Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB·2026
Same author

Biodegradable versus persistent nanoplastics reshape nitrogen metabolism and biofilm architecture in denitrifying biofilters.

Bioresource technology·2026
Same author

Distribution, bioconcentration, trophic transfer and effects of combined exposure of ionic liquid [C<sub>8</sub>mim]Br and PMMA in a simulated ecosystem.

Journal of environmental sciences (China)·2026
Same author

Integration of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq profiling reveals an epigenetic regulator of anthocyanin synthesis in Prunus mume.

BMC plant biology·2026
Same author

Phosphazene-Based Covalent Organic Framework Suppressing Shuttle Effect and Enabling Stable Cycling in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same journal

Correction: Effect of external salt solution concentration on carboxyl dissociation degree (<i>α</i>) and p<i>K</i><sub>a</sub> of weak polyelectrolyte membranes for sustainable technologies.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Anomalous dewetting dynamics in active entangled polymer films: flexible chains.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Electrorheology of the suspensions of oblate poly(ionic liquid) ellipsoids.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Nanopore sequencing with proteins: synchronization and dischronization of molecular dynamics simulations with laboratory and industrial developments.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Catanionics from biosurfactants and regular surfactants: miscibility and structure.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Adhesives with a thickness smaller than the fractocohesive length enhance adhesion.

Soft matter·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
06:55

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

8.3K

Phase behavior of ABC cyclic terpolymer melts: a simulation study.

Jiaping Wu1, Zheng Wang, Yuhua Yin

  • 1School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin, 300071, China. baohui@nankai.edu.cn.

Soft Matter
|February 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores ABC cyclic terpolymer melts, predicting 11 distinct phases using simulated annealing. Uniform segment distribution at interfaces suggests enhanced mechanical properties compared to linear or star terpolymers.

More Related Videos

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

8.2K
Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
08:12

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers

Published on: December 16, 2022

3.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
06:55

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

8.3K
Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

8.2K
Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
08:12

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers

Published on: December 16, 2022

3.7K

Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Science
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Understanding the phase behavior of complex polymer architectures is crucial for designing novel materials.
  • Cyclic terpolymers offer unique structural possibilities compared to linear or star counterparts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phase behavior of ABC cyclic terpolymer melts.
  • To construct a ternary phase diagram and identify emergent phases.
  • To compare the properties and formation mechanisms with other terpolymer architectures.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated annealing technique was employed for molecular simulations.
  • Ternary phase diagrams were constructed by varying block volume fractions (fA, fB, fC).
  • Analysis focused on interfacial segment distribution and structural comparisons.

Main Results:

  • Eleven distinct phases were predicted, including complex morphologies like hierarchical double-gyroid and [6.6.6] tiling patterns.
  • Uniform distribution of end segments at A/B, B/C, and A/C interfaces was observed.
  • Cyclic terpolymers exhibited potential for superior mechanical properties due to uniform interfacial distribution.

Conclusions:

  • Simulated annealing effectively predicts diverse phase behaviors in ABC cyclic terpolymers.
  • The unique phase behavior and interfacial properties of cyclic terpolymers hold promise for advanced material applications.
  • Further investigation into the structure-property relationships is warranted.