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Recent advances of oncolytic virus in cancer therapy

Moumita Mondal1,2, Jingao Guo2, Ping He1

  • 1Joint Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, China.

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
|February 21, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Oncolytic virus therapy is a promising cancer treatment. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and measles virus show potential for biological cancer therapy, offering efficacy with reduced side effects.

Area of Science:

  • Oncolytic virotherapy and biological cancer treatment.
  • Viral oncology and gene therapy applications.

Background:

  • Oncolytic viruses are emerging as a significant biological therapy for cancer.
  • Human adenovirus was the first potent oncolytic virus used.
  • Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and measles virus are also investigated for cancer therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent clinical advances in oncolytic virus therapy for cancer.
  • To evaluate potential viral candidates, including their benefits and drawbacks.
  • To discuss future prospects of oncolytic virotherapy in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trial data and pre-clinical research on oncolytic viruses.
  • Analysis of safety, efficacy, and side effect profiles of different viral candidates.
  • Evaluation of engineered viruses for biological cancer therapy.

Main Results:

  • An HSV-based oncolytic virus (T-VEC) has completed Phase III trials and received FDA approval.
  • The vaccine strain of the measles virus demonstrates significant promise in trials.
  • Engineered viruses show therapeutic efficacy, safety, and reduced side effects.

Conclusions:

  • Oncolytic virus therapy represents a potential milestone in cancer research.
  • HSV and measles virus are promising candidates for biological cancer therapy.
  • Further research and clinical application of oncolytic viruses are warranted.
Keywords:
Oncolytic virusescancer therapyclinical trials

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