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Chitin and chitosan remodeling defines vegetative development and Trichoderma biocontrol
Lisa Kappel1, Martin Münsterkötter2, György Sipos2
1Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Vienna, Austria.
Plos Pathogens
|February 21, 2020
Summary
This study reveals the crucial role of chitin and chitosan-modifying enzymes in the mycoparasite Trichoderma atroviride for successful fungal biocontrol. These enzymes are essential for cell wall remodeling, enabling invasion and evasion of host defenses.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Biochemistry
- Plant Pathology
Background:
- Fungal pathogens require cell wall remodeling for host invasion and immune evasion.
- Chitin and chitosan are key fungal cell wall components targeted by host immune systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize chitin/chitosan-modifying enzymes in the mycoparasite Trichoderma atroviride.
- To understand the role of these enzymes in fungal cell wall remodeling and biocontrol.
Main Methods:
- Systematic and biochemical classification of enzymes.
- Phenotypic characterization of T. atroviride mutants.
- Mycoparasitic confrontation assays.
Main Results:
- Identified eight chitin synthases, six chitin deacetylases, and six chitosanases.
- Demonstrated the essential role of chitin and chitosan synthesis in T. atroviride vegetative development and biocontrol.
- Showcased the enzymes' importance in adapting to environmental stresses and host defenses.
Conclusions:
- Chitin and chitosan assembly are critical for mycoparasitic attack success in T. atroviride.
- The identified enzymes are essential for the biocontrol capabilities of T. atroviride.
- Findings advance understanding of chitin synthesis in filamentous fungi for biocontrol applications.
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