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Fatigue and Recovery after Single-Stage versus Multistage Ultramarathon Running.

Thibault Besson1, Jérémy Rossi1, Thibault LE Roux Mallouf2

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Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Single-stage ultramarathons cause greater central fatigue, while multistage ultramarathons lead to prolonged peripheral fatigue and slower recovery in runners. Both race types impact neuromuscular function differently.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Neuromuscular Function

Background:

  • Ultramarathon running encompasses single-stage races (SSR) and multistage races (MSR).
  • Direct comparisons of neuromuscular fatigue and recovery between SSR and MSR of similar distance and elevation are lacking.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for athlete preparation and recovery strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare neuromuscular fatigue and recovery following SSR versus MSR of equal distance.
  • To investigate the impact of single-stage versus multi-day running on neuromuscular responses.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-one runners completed either a 169 km SSR or a 4-day, ~40 km/day MSR on the same course.
  • Neuromuscular function of knee extensors (KE) and plantar flexors (PF) was assessed before and up to 10 days post-race.
  • Measurements included voluntary and evoked contractions via nerve stimulation to evaluate central and peripheral fatigue.

Main Results:

  • Single-stage ultramarathon (SSR) resulted in significantly greater reduction in voluntary activation (central fatigue) in knee extensors immediately post-race compared to multistage races (MSR) (-23% vs -7%).
  • Peripheral fatigue, indicated by reduced evoked mechanical responses in both KE and PF, showed slower recovery in MSR compared to SSR.
  • Recovery of neuromuscular function varied between central and peripheral components and across race types.

Conclusions:

  • Multistage ultramarathons (MSR) induce more prolonged impairments in muscle contractile function compared to single-stage ultramarathons (SSR).
  • Single-stage mountain ultramarathons (SSR) are associated with greater central fatigue immediately after the event.
  • Recovery profiles differ significantly between SSR and MSR, highlighting distinct physiological demands.