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Updated: Dec 28, 2025

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Reliability of laser-assisted hindfoot alignment evaluation
Tadasuke Ohnishi1, Mitsumasa Hida2,3, Takayuki Nagasaki4
1Department of Rehabilitation, Showa Inan General Hospital: 3230 Akaho, Komagane-shi, Nagano 399-4117, Japan.
Abstract:
[Purpose] A goniometer is frequently used for static measurement of hindfoot alignment. However, although goniometer measurements require experience, their reliability and validity remain controversial. We developed a hindfoot alignment measurement method by laser as an alternative measure. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of laser-assisted hindfoot alignment evaluation. [Participants and Methods] Two non-expert examiners (without medical knowledge), briefly trained in the use of laser-assisted hindfoot alignment evaluation, evaluated hindfoot alignment in 12 healthy participants. [Results] The ICC of the intra-rater reliability was 0.74 for both examiners and the ICC for inter-rater reliability was 0.43. [Conclusion] The good intra-rater and moderate inter-rater reliability of laser-assisted hindfoot alignment evaluation, when used by non-professionals, suggest the laser-assisted hindfoot alignment evaluation may be appropriate for use in clinical practice settings.

