Risk Factors of Gangrenous Cholecystitis in General Surgery Patient Admitted for Cholecystectomy in King Abdul-Aziz
Khalid A Alghamdi1, Hesham A Rizk2, Wisam H Jamal2
1Faculty of Medicine, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Insights
Gangrenous cholecystitis (GC) is a severe gallbladder condition. Patient age and gallstones were identified as key risk factors in a study at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Surgical Pathology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Gangrenous cholecystitis (GC) involves gallbladder necrosis and perforation due to vascular insufficiency.
- This condition carries a significant risk of morbidity and mortality.
- Prompt medical intervention is often required for patients with GC.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and analyze the risk factors associated with gangrenous cholecystitis (GC).
- The study was conducted at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital (KAUH).
Main Methods:
- A retrospective review of 334 patients who underwent cholecystectomy between 2016 and 2018 at KAUH.
- Data collected included age, gender, liver function tests (AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase), white blood cell count (WBC), diabetes status, bilirubin levels, and presence of gallstones.
- Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21 to determine risk factors for GC.
Main Results:
- Out of 334 patients, 57 (17.1%) had confirmed gangrenous cholecystitis (GC).
- Univariate analysis identified 13 associated variables, notably patient age (mean 46.8 years) and the presence of gallstones (82.5%).
- Other associated factors included normal bilirubin levels, elevated WBC count, diabetes, fever, nausea, vomiting, and specific CT findings.
Conclusions:
- Patient age emerged as a significant risk factor for developing GC.
- While male gender was noted, no significant correlation was found.
- Normal WBC and bilirubin levels, along with less frequent symptoms like vomiting and fever, were observed compared to other studies; CT scans were not found to be highly supportive in GC detection.
Introduction:
Gangrenous cholecystitis (GC) is known as perforation and necrosis of the gallbladder wall caused by ischemia ensuing to vascular insufficiency. Gangrenous cholecystitis is associated with a high risk of morbidity.
Aim:
With a percentage of patients needing emergent help, our objective is to determine the risk factor of GC in KAUH.
Methods:
Retrospective review of 334 patients who underwent cholecystectomy during 2016 to 2018 In king Abdul-Aziz University Hospital (KAUH). The data was gained from the medical record of KAUH. The variables are defined as follows: age, gender, AST, ALT, WBC, DM, bilirubin and stone. In order to determine the risk factors that influence (GC). the data entry done by using Google forms while the analysis was done by using SPSS version 21.
Results:
Of 334 patients who underwent cholecystectomy, 57 patient (17.1%) had histologically confirmed gangrenous cholecystitis. Most of them female, 13 variables were identified that were associated with GC by univariate analysis: age 46.8 years, stone (82.5%), bilirubin is normal 9.9, mean white blood cell count 7.8, diabetes, fever, nausea, vomiting, CT finding, asparate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase.
Conclusion:
Patient age was a clear factor for developing GC, male gender was a factor but no correlation was found, normal range of WBC, total bilirubin was in a normal level, vomiting and fever and nausea was less compared to other researchers, at last computed Tomography was not supportive and do not give any importance in detecting GC.
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