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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Overview
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Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

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The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
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Author Spotlight: Elucidating the Pathways of TFH Cell Differentiation in Acute LCMV Challenges
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Functions of Tfh Cells in Common Variable Immunodeficiency.

Corentin Le Saos-Patrinos1, Séverine Loizon1, Patrick Blanco1,2

  • 1ImmunoConcEpT, CNRS-UMR 5164 and Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.

Frontiers in Immunology
|February 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) in adults involves low antibody levels and impaired B-cell function. This study investigates the role of follicular helper T cells in CVID pathogenesis and its associated complications.

Keywords:
B cellsCVIDIFNγcomplicationsfollicular helper T cells

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most frequent primary immunodeficiency in adults.
  • Hallmarks include hypogammaglobulinemia, impaired B-cell differentiation, and recurrent infections.
  • CVID presents heterogeneity with complications like lymphoproliferative disorders, autoimmunity, and granulomatous inflammation, whose mechanisms are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of follicular helper T cells (Tfh) in the pathogenesis of CVID.
  • To explore the involvement of Tfh cells in CVID-associated complications.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on follicular helper T cells (CD4+ T cell subset specialized in B cell help).
  • Analysis of recent publications linking Tfh cells to CVID pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Follicular helper T cells are implicated in CVID pathogenesis.
  • Abnormalities in Tfh cells may contribute to CVID complications.

Conclusions:

  • Follicular helper T cells represent a key area of investigation for understanding CVID.
  • Further research into Tfh cell function is crucial for elucidating CVID mechanisms and complications.