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Long Non-coding RNAs: Emerging Roles in the Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment.
Ya Luo1, Jiqiao Yang1,2, Jing Yu1
1Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China.
Frontiers in Oncology
|February 22, 2020
Summary
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in tumor immunosuppression and immune escape. This review highlights lncRNAs as promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for enhancing cancer immunotherapy efficacy.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Tumor immunosuppression facilitates cancer immune escape, promoting metastasis and treatment resistance.
- Current immunotherapies face challenges of nonresponse and resistance, necessitating novel biomarkers and targets.
- Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging regulators of gene expression with significant roles in cancer immunity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the multifaceted roles of lncRNAs in regulating the tumor immune microenvironment (TME).
- To identify key lncRNAs with potential as biomarkers for patient selection in immunotherapy.
- To explore lncRNAs as therapeutic targets for developing novel combination regimens in cancer treatment.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of studies investigating lncRNAs in tumor immunity.
- Analysis of lncRNA involvement in immune cell function within the TME.
- Synthesis of current knowledge on lncRNA-mediated immunosuppression and immunotherapy resistance.
Main Results:
- lncRNAs are implicated in various aspects of tumor immune response, contributing to immunosuppression.
- Specific lncRNAs influence T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) within the TME.
- Evidence suggests lncRNAs can modulate responses to existing immunotherapies.
Conclusions:
- lncRNAs represent a critical, yet under-explored, layer of regulation in cancer immunity.
- lncRNAs hold significant potential as biomarkers for predicting immunotherapy response.
- Targeting lncRNAs may offer new strategies to overcome immunotherapy resistance and improve clinical outcomes.
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