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Updated: Dec 28, 2025

Through-the-Wall Blood Sampling Method to Minimize Sleep Disruption in Clinical Settings
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Variability in Sleep Patterns: an Emerging Risk Factor for Hypertension.

Nour Makarem1, Faris M Zuraikat2, Brooke Aggarwal3

  • 1Department of Medicine, Sleep Center of Excellence, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 51 Audubon Avenue, 5th floor, 500-H, New York, NY, 10032, USA. nm2968@cumc.columbia.edu.

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Sleep variability impacts blood pressure (BP) differently based on measurement. While some sleep variations show no link to BP, others, like poor circadian rhythm stability, are linked to higher hypertension risk.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Sleep Science
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Sleep variability, encompassing inconsistencies in sleep patterns, is increasingly recognized as a potential health concern.
  • Understanding the relationship between sleep variability and blood pressure (BP) is crucial for public health.
  • Existing research presents mixed findings depending on how sleep variability is measured.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent epidemiological data (2014-2019) on the association between sleep variability and BP.
  • To discuss potential biological mechanisms linking sleep variability and BP.
  • To identify future research needs in this area.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological studies published between 2014 and 2019.
  • Analysis of data examining various metrics of sleep variability (e.g., standard deviation of sleep duration, Sleep Regularity Index, social jetlag, interdaily stability of rest-activity rhythms).
  • Correlation of sleep variability measures with blood pressure and hypertension outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Higher standard deviations in sleep duration and sleep-onset timing were not associated with BP.
  • A higher Sleep Regularity Index score correlated with lower odds of hypertension.
  • Lower interdaily stability in circadian rest-activity rhythms was linked to higher BP and increased hypertension risk, especially in non-shift workers.

Conclusions:

  • The association between sleep variability and BP is complex and depends heavily on the specific metric used.
  • Certain aspects of sleep variability, particularly disrupted circadian rhythm stability, are associated with increased hypertension risk.
  • Further research using standardized definitions and integrated sleep and BP monitoring is needed to clarify these relationships.