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A Pulmonary Trunk Banding Model of Pressure Overload Induced Right Ventricular Hypertrophy and Failure
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[Cor pulmonale].

A Aubry1, A Paternot1, A Vieillard-Baron2

  • 1Réanimation médico-chirurgicale, pôle thorax-vaisseaux-abdomen-métabolisme, hôpital universitaire Ambroise-Paré, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 9, avenue Charles-de-Gaulle, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France; Faculté de médecine Paris Île-de-France Ouest, université de Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 78280 Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France.

Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires
|February 24, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cor pulmonale, a heart condition, involves right ventricle enlargement due to pulmonary hypertension. Diagnosis relies on echocardiography, crucial for identifying this serious heart disease.

Keywords:
Cor pulmonaleCœur pulmonaireEchocardiographyHypertensions pulmonairesPulmonary hypertensionRight ventricleVentricule droitÉchocardiographie

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pulmonology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Cor pulmonale is defined by right ventricular dilatation and paradoxical septal motion.
  • It stems from pulmonary disease or circulatory disorders, leading to pulmonary hypertension.
  • Pulmonary hypertension causes right ventricular overload, altering its structure and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms and clinical presentation of cor pulmonale.
  • To highlight the diagnostic role of echocardiography in cor pulmonale.
  • To discuss precipitating factors and outcomes of acute on chronic cor pulmonale.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on echocardiography, often supplemented by pulmonary artery catheterization.
  • Clinical assessment includes evaluating dyspnea and signs of right heart failure.
  • Echocardiography confirms cardiac involvement in suspected cases.

Main Results:

  • Acute cor pulmonale is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary embolism, and other critical conditions.
  • Chronic cor pulmonale represents the advanced stage of pulmonary hypertension.
  • Acute on chronic cor pulmonale, often triggered by infections, carries a high mortality rate.

Conclusions:

  • Echocardiography is essential for diagnosing cor pulmonale and assessing right ventricular status.
  • Pulmonary hypertension is the central pathophysiological mechanism.
  • Prompt recognition and management of precipitating factors are vital, especially in acute on chronic presentations.