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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 27, 2025

Author Spotlight: Enhancement of Salient Object Detection for Smart Grid Applications
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Novelty competes with saliency for attention.

Daniel Ernst1, Stefanie Becker2, Gernot Horstmann1

  • 1Bielefeld University, Germany.

Vision Research
|February 24, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Novelty and saliency both influence visual attention. When multiple novel stimuli are present, attention is divided, with less focus on the most salient item. This suggests novelty competes with saliency for gaze control.

Keywords:
Attention captureExpectationsNoveltySaliencySurpriseVisual guidance

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Attention research debates the roles of bottom-up saliency and top-down task goals.
  • Novelty and surprise also emerge as factors attracting attention in visual search.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if novelty, alongside saliency, can be incorporated into predictive models of attentional prioritization.
  • To examine how competing salient and novel stimuli influence gaze behavior during visual search.

Main Methods:

  • A visual search experiment was conducted with surprise trials featuring a novel color singleton.
  • Participants were divided into 'one-new' (only singleton novel) and 'all-new' (singleton and non-singletons novel) groups.
  • Gaze behavior was recorded to assess attentional prioritization.

Main Results:

  • In the 'all-new' condition, the salient singleton captured gaze less effectively.
  • Early fixations were more frequently directed towards novel non-singleton stimuli when they were present.
  • The observed fixation patterns were well-explained by computational models where saliency and novelty compete.

Conclusions:

  • Novelty acts as a significant factor in attentional prioritization, competing with stimulus saliency.
  • Predictive models of attention benefit from incorporating novelty as a distinct source of activation.
  • Gaze control in complex visual scenes is a dynamic interplay between stimulus-driven and novelty-driven factors.