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Methane emission suppression in flooded soil from Amazonia.

Gabriele V M Gabriel1, Luciana C Oliveira1, Dayane J Barros2

  • 1Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Graduate School of Biotechnology and Environmental Monitoring, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, SP-264, km 110, Sorocaba, São Paulo, 18052-780, Brazil; Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Department of Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, SP-264, km 110, Sorocaba, São Paulo, 18052-780, Brazil.

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|February 24, 2020
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Summary

Ferrous iron (Fe(II)) accumulation correlates with methane production in Amazonian floodplain soils. Microbial iron reduction may suppress methanogenesis in these environments.

Keywords:
Active iron-dependent microorganismsAnaerobic oxidation of methaneFerric ironFerrous iron

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Microbiology
  • Geochemistry
  • Biogeochemistry

Background:

  • Iron (Fe) ions influence methane cycling globally, acting as electron acceptors in anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) and inhibiting methanogenesis.
  • Floodplain soils are critical environments where iron and methane dynamics interact, impacting carbon cycling.
  • Understanding these interactions is vital for predicting methane emissions and soil carbon decomposition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between ferrous iron (Fe(II)) concentration and methane production in Amazonian floodplain soils.
  • To identify microbial communities involved in iron-dependent methane cycling under anaerobic conditions.
  • To assess the role of microbial ferric iron (Fe(III)) reduction in organic matter decomposition and methanogenesis suppression.

Main Methods:

  • Incubation of soil layers (0-15 cm and 15-30 cm) from flooded-forest and agroforestry sites in anaerobic batch reactors.
  • Addition of acetate, formate, and glucose as organic carbon sources.
  • High-throughput sequencing of archaeal and bacterial 16S rRNA genes to analyze microbial community composition.

Main Results:

  • A positive correlation was observed between Fe(II) concentration and methane production across all tested organic sources.
  • Higher Fe(II) accumulation occurred in the 0-15 cm soil layer from both forest and agroforestry sites.
  • Microbial groups like Methanobacterium, Desulfobulbus, and 'Candidatus methanoperedens nitroreducens' were implicated in Fe(III) reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Microbial ferric iron reduction is a significant pathway for anaerobic organic matter decomposition in Amazonian floodplains.
  • Fe(III) reduction effectively suppresses methanogenesis in these flooded forest and agroforestry ecosystems.
  • Iron cycling plays a crucial role in regulating methane production in Amazonian clear water river floodplains.