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Related Concept Videos

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents01:20

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Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
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Skeletal muscle relaxants are widely used for muscle paralysis and relieving pain following any muscle injury or stiffness. However, depending on the drug type, they can have adverse effects that range from mild to severe. Usually, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers have minimal side effects. For example, drugs like d-tubocurarine, cisatracurium, and rocuronium cause hypotension, whereas drugs like baclofen, when stopped abruptly, can lead to the recurrence of spastic conditions.
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Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx...
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The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
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Skeletal muscle relaxants are a group of drugs that can reduce muscle stiffness and induce temporary paralysis to relieve pain. These agents can act centrally to reduce muscle tone or spasms in painful conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or spinal injuries; they are called antispasmodics or spasmolytics.
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Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles
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Statins and muscle pain.

Joseph V Pergolizzi1, Flaminia Coluzzi2, Robert D Colucci1,3

  • 1NEMA Research, Inc., Naples, FL, USA.

Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology
|February 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Statins are crucial for cardiovascular disease prevention, but muscle pain is a reported side effect. Evidence linking statins to muscle pain is often weak, with similar rates to placebo in trials.

Keywords:
Adverse eventscardiovascular diseasemuscle painmyalgiaside effectsstatin

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Statins are widely prescribed for cardiovascular disease prevention.
  • Muscle symptoms are frequently reported adverse events associated with statin therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review statin-associated muscle pain, including potential mechanisms and management strategies.
  • To critically evaluate the evidence linking statins to muscle pain.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of existing literature.
  • Analysis of evidence from randomized controlled trials and clinical observations.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supporting statin-induced muscle pain is often equivocal and difficult to quantify.
  • Muscle pain incidence in randomized controlled trials is comparable to placebo, suggesting a significant nocebo effect.
  • While all statins have been associated with muscle pain, switching statins or reducing dosage may be beneficial in some cases.

Conclusions:

  • The benefits of statins generally outweigh the risks, but careful clinical judgment is needed for individual side effect management.
  • Further research may be needed to clarify the mechanisms and prevalence of statin-associated muscle symptoms.