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Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
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Pore transport and ion-pair formation are critical mechanisms for the absorption and distribution of drugs in the body.
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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
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Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Restricted Ion Transport by Plasticizing Side Chains in Polycarbonate-Based Solid Electrolytes.

Mahsa Ebadi1, Therese Eriksson1, Prithwiraj Mandal1

  • 1Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 538, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden.

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Adding side chains to solid polymer electrolytes lowers glass transition temperature but hinders ionic conductivity. The study reveals side chains restrict ion movement, contrary to expectations for improved performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Solid polymer electrolytes are crucial for advanced energy storage devices.
  • Enhancing ionic conductivity is a primary objective in solid polymer electrolyte development.
  • Conventional theories link ionic conductivity to polymer free volume and segmental mobility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the complex relationship between polymer structure, segmental mobility, and ionic conductivity in solid polymer electrolytes.
  • To elucidate the role of plasticizing side chains in ion transport mechanisms.
  • To challenge the conventional strategy of using side chains to lower glass transition temperature for improved conductivity.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) based polymers with and without plasticizing side chains.
  • Experimental characterization of ionic conductivity and glass transition temperature (Tg).
  • Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to analyze ion transport mechanisms and polymer dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Polymers with side chains exhibited lower glass transition temperatures (Tg) but reduced overall ionic conductivity compared to side-chain-free counterparts.
  • MD simulations indicated that while side chains enhanced intra-chain ion mobility, they hindered the more efficient inter-chain hopping mechanism.
  • The absence of side chains provided greater solvation site diversity for Li+ ions, facilitating superior conduction pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Plasticizing side chains, despite lowering Tg, can impede overall ionic conductivity in solid polymer electrolytes.
  • The study highlights that side chains can restrict Li+ ion mobility by limiting inter-chain hopping and solvation site diversity.
  • Optimizing solid polymer electrolyte performance requires a nuanced understanding of polymer structure's impact on ion transport beyond Tg reduction.