Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 27, 2025

In Vivo Inhibition of MicroRNA to Decrease Tumor Growth in Mice
07:02

In Vivo Inhibition of MicroRNA to Decrease Tumor Growth in Mice

Published on: August 23, 2019

7.7K

TET1 is a Tumor Suppressor That Inhibits Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cell Migration and Invasion

Shuang Yu1, Yali Yin2, Shubin Hong1

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.

International Journal of Endocrinology
|February 25, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes, crucial for DNA demethylation, are downregulated in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). TET1 dysfunction inhibits cancer cell migration and invasion, suggesting its role in PTC development.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes regulate DNA demethylation by oxidizing 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC).
  • The expression and function of TET enzymes, particularly TET1, in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) are not well understood.
  • This study investigates the role of TET1 in PTC pathogenesis and its impact on miRNA and mRNA expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the expression levels of TET family genes in PTC tissues and cell lines.
  • To investigate the functional impact of TET1 downregulation on PTC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
  • To identify miRNA and mRNA expression changes in PTC cells with reduced TET1 levels.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative real-time PCR was used to assess TET gene expression in PTC tissues and cell lines.
  • Immunohistochemistry and dot blot assays measured 5hmC levels.
  • siRNA-mediated TET1 knockdown was performed, followed by EdU, Transwell, and miRNA/mRNA array analyses.

Main Results:

  • TET1 expression and 5hmC levels were significantly reduced in PTC tissues and cell lines compared to normal controls.
  • TET1 knockdown inhibited PTC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
  • miRNA and mRNA expression profiling revealed upregulation of potential target genes including WNT4, FZD4, CDK6, MCF2L, and EDN1.

Conclusions:

  • TET1 dysfunction is associated with reduced 5hmC levels and plays an inhibitory role in PTC cell migration and invasion.
  • TET1 may be a potential therapeutic target and biomarker in papillary thyroid carcinoma.
  • Altered miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in TET1-depleted PTC cells highlight potential regulatory pathways in tumorigenesis.

More Related Videos

Induction and Analysis of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition10:37

Induction and Analysis of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition

Published on: August 27, 2013

36.4K
Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer05:39

Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

Published on: February 3, 2023

2.1K

Related Concept Videos

Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions01:12

Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions

Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
5.7K
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
5.0K
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
9.3K
The Retinoblastoma Gene01:20

The Retinoblastoma Gene

Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
4.6K
Cadherins in Tissue Organization01:19

Cadherins in Tissue Organization

The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
Cell Sorting During Development
Cell sorting plays an...
3.8K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
4.5K