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Gut microbiota in Mexican patients with common variable immunodeficiency.

Ana Paola Franco-Esquivias1, Cristina García-De la Peña2, Carlos Torres-Lozano1

  • 1Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Specialty Hospital, Department of Clinical Allergy and Immunology, Guadalajara, Jalisco.

Gaceta Medica De Mexico
|February 25, 2020
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Summary

The gut microbiota of Mexican patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) showed an unusual abundance of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia. This composition suggests potential intestinal dysbiosis in CVID patients.

Keywords:
16S rRNACommon variable immunodeficiencyDysbiosisFirmicutesGut microbiota

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency linked to complex immune dysregulation.
  • The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in immune system modulation, and its imbalance (dysbiosis) is associated with various diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the gut microbial composition in Mexican patients diagnosed with CVID.
  • This study aims to provide the first description of CVID-associated gut microbiota in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Fecal samples were collected from five Mexican patients with CVID.
  • High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene's V3-V4 region was performed using Illumina technology.

Main Results:

  • Predominant phyla identified were Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia, differing from healthy controls.
  • Faecalibacterium was the most abundant genus; Bifidobacterium longum was the only species found in all CVID patients.
  • The microbiota showed a lower presence of Bacteroidetes compared to healthy individuals.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiota in CVID patients exhibited a distinct profile, with a high abundance of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia.
  • A reduced presence of Bacteroidetes and an elevated Firmicutes abundance may signify intestinal dysbiosis in CVID.
  • These findings highlight potential gut microbiome alterations in CVID patients, warranting further investigation.