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The immunopathogenesis of tuberculous pericarditis
Patrick Howlett1, Elsa Du Bruyn2, Hazel Morrison3
1National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Guy Scadding Building, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa.
Microbes and Infection
|February 25, 2020
Summary
Tuberculous pericarditis, a severe tuberculosis form, causes pericardial effusion and constriction, particularly in high-incidence areas. Recent research updates understanding of its histology, immunology, and HIV impact.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Tuberculous pericarditis is a severe extrapulmonary tuberculosis manifestation.
- It is the leading cause of pericardial effusion and constriction in Africa and Asia.
- Existing knowledge relies on outdated studies from the 1940s-50s.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in tuberculous pericarditis understanding.
- To focus on histology, microbiology, and immunology.
- To examine the influence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and constriction determinants.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies.
- Synthesis of data on histology, microbiology, and immunology.
- Analysis of HIV co-infection and constriction factors.
Main Results:
- Tuberculous pericarditis remains a significant cause of mortality (8-34%) and morbidity.
- Recent research provides updated insights into disease mechanisms.
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) significantly impacts disease presentation and outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Updated understanding of tuberculous pericarditis is crucial for improved management.
- Further research is needed to address knowledge gaps, especially regarding HIV co-infection.
- Addressing determinants of constriction is key to reducing long-term complications.
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