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Disseminated hemangiosarcoma in a horse.

J E Johnson¹, J Beech, J E Saik

¹Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square 19348.

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association

|December 1, 1988

Summary

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A rare hemangiosarcoma tumor caused severe internal bleeding and respiratory distress in a horse. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of this uncommon equine cancer.

Area of Science:

Veterinary Pathology
Equine Medicine

Background:

Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) is a common condition in horses.
Diagnosis of internal bleeding and respiratory distress can be challenging.

Observation:

A 6.5-year-old horse presented with acute epistaxis, dyspnea, tachypnea, pale mucous membranes, and dark feces.
Initial diagnostics, including thoracic sonography and transtracheal aspirates, did not identify the hemorrhage source.
Anemia was secondary to presumed pulmonary hemorrhage.

Findings:

Necropsy revealed hemoperitoneum, hemothorax, and disseminated reddish-black masses.
Histologic examination confirmed hemangiosarcoma as the underlying diagnosis.
Hemangiosarcoma is a rare but aggressive tumor in horses.

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Implications:

This case underscores the potential for hemangiosarcoma to mimic other conditions like EIPH.
Early diagnosis of equine hemangiosarcoma is difficult, often requiring post-mortem examination.
Increased awareness of hemangiosarcoma is crucial for equine practitioners managing complex cases.