Mycophenolate Monotherapy in HLA-Matched Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Case Series of 20 Patients

The ideal minimizing strategy for maintenance immunosuppression in HLA-matched kidney transplant recipients (KTR) is unknown. We hypothesized that mycophenolate (MPA) monotherapy is a safe and effective approach for maintenance therapy in this group of KTR.

Data were abstracted for 6-antigen HLA-matched KTR between 1994 and 2013. Twenty recipients receiving MPA monotherapy secondary to infection, cancer, calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) side effects, or immunosuppression minimization strategies were evaluated in this case series.

MPA monotherapy had a low incidence of death-censored graft failure (3.19/100 person-y), rejection (0/100 person-y), hospitalization (1.62/100 person-y), malignancy (3.61/100 person-y), and infection (1.75/100 person-y). Further, 12-month mean or median serum creatinine (1.29 mg/dL), estimated glomerular filtration rate (64.3 mL/min/1.73 m2), urine protein creatinine ratio (143.2 mg/g), hemoglobin (13.9 g/dL), platelets (237.8 K/uL), and white blood cell count (9.04 K/uL) were favorable. There was a successful conversion rate of 90% (18 of 20) with 2 patients converting back to CNI-based regimens secondary to recurrence of membranous nephropathy and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder.

Our findings indicate that MPA monotherapy may be a promising immunosuppression minimization strategy for HLA-matched KTR.