Biocompatible PHB Production from Bacillus Species Under Submerged and Solid-State Fermentation and Extraction...

Catastrophic global accumulation of non-biodegradable plastic has led to efforts for production of alternative eco-friendly biopolymer. Here, we attempted to produce a biodegradable, cytocompatible and eco-friendly polyhydroxy-butyrate (PHB) from a pigmented Bacillus sp. C1 (2013) (KF626477) through submerged (SmF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF). Under SmF and SSF, 0.60 g l^-1 and 1.56 g l^-1 of PHB with 0.497 g l^-1 of yellow fluorescent pigment (YFP) was produced. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption bands at 1719-1720 cm^-1 indicate the presence of C=O group of PHB. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) exhibited the typical chemical shift patterns of PHB, and crystallinity was confirmed from X-ray diffraction (XRD). The melting temperature (T_m), degradation temperature (T_d) and crystallinity (X_c) of extracted PHB were found to be 171 °C, 288 °C and 35%, respectively. FACS (Fluorescence-activated cell sorting) confirmed cytocompatibility of PHB at 400 µg ml^-1 in mouse fibroblast line. Moreover, biodegradability and elevated cytocompatibility of the PHB produced through SSF make them highly potential biomaterials to be used as a drug delivery carrier in future.