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Biocompatible PHB Production from Bacillus Species Under Submerged and Solid-State Fermentation and Extraction

Swayamsidha Pati1, Sudipta Maity2, Ankita Dash1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, CBSH, OUAT, Bhubaneswar-3, Odisha, India.

Current Microbiology
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This study produced biodegradable polyhydroxy-butyrate (PHB) and yellow fluorescent pigment using Bacillus sp. Solid-state fermentation yielded more PHB, showing potential for eco-friendly biomaterials and drug delivery.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Polymer Science
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Global plastic pollution necessitates biodegradable alternatives.
  • Polyhydroxy-butyrate (PHB) is an eco-friendly biopolymer with potential applications.
  • Bacillus sp. can be engineered for biopolymer production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To produce biodegradable polyhydroxy-butyrate (PHB) from a pigmented Bacillus sp.
  • To compare PHB production using submerged (SmF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF).
  • To evaluate the cytocompatibility and biodegradability of the produced PHB for biomaterial applications.

Main Methods:

  • Cultivation of pigmented Bacillus sp. C1 (KF626477) under SmF and SSF conditions.
  • Extraction and characterization of PHB using FTIR, NMR, and XRD.
  • Assessment of PHB thermal properties (Tm, Td, Xc) and cytocompatibility via FACS.

Main Results:

  • PHB and yellow fluorescent pigment (YFP) were successfully produced by Bacillus sp.
  • SSF yielded higher PHB (1.56 g/L) and YFP (0.497 g/L) compared to SmF (0.60 g/L PHB).
  • Characterization confirmed PHB presence, crystallinity (35%), Tm (171°C), and Td (288°C).
  • FACS confirmed PHB cytocompatibility at 400 µg/mL in mouse fibroblast cells.

Conclusions:

  • Solid-state fermentation is a more efficient method for PHB and YFP production using Bacillus sp.
  • The produced PHB exhibits favorable thermal properties, biodegradability, and cytocompatibility.
  • PHB derived from SSF is a promising biomaterial for applications such as drug delivery carriers.