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Related Concept Videos

In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Alternative Methods01:17

In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Alternative Methods

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Alternative drug dissolution methods include the rotating bottle, intrinsic dissolution test, peristalsis, and the Franz diffusion cell method. The rotating bottle method involves meticulously rotating tightly capped controlled-release beads in a temperature-controlled bath. Periodic decanting of samples allows for residue assay, followed by refilling with fresh medium and testing at various pH levels to emulate the gastrointestinal tract conditions.In contrast, the intrinsic dissolution test...
156
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters01:28

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters

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Solid dosage forms such as tablets and capsules undergo rigorous manufacturing processes to ensure stability and effectiveness. Their dissolution and absorption properties are influenced significantly by the choice of excipients (inactive ingredients that serve various roles in the formulation), and the methodology applied during production. The manufacturing parameters, such as compression force and granulation techniques, significantly affect dissolution rates. Elevated compression forces...
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Solvents01:12

Solvents

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A solvent is a substance, most often a liquid, that can dissolve other substances. Here, the substance being dissolved is called a solute. When a solvent and a solute combine, they form a solution - a homogenous mixture of both the solvent and the solute. Water is a universal biological solvent. Its polar structure allows it to dissolve many other polar compounds. The ability of water to dissolve is governed by a balance between water molecules binding to each other and binding to the solute.
A...
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Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Solubility Enhancement01:16

Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Solubility Enhancement

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Body:Bioavailability is a critical factor in determining a drug's effectiveness. It refers to the proportion of a drug that enters the circulation when introduced into the body and is, as a result, able to have an active effect. Enhancing bioavailability is essential for drugs with poor solubility, as it can significantly impact their therapeutic efficacy. Various methods are employed to increase the solubility of drugs, thereby enhancing their bioavailability.Micronization and nanonization are...
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Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry01:20

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry

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Orally administered drugs primarily enter the systemic circulation via passive diffusion through the intestinal membranes. The drug's absorption is influenced by drug stability in the gastrointestinal GI tract, membrane permeability, the surface area available for absorption, luminal drug concentration, and residence time in the lumen. Drug permeability can be enhanced by adjusting the lipophilicity, polarity, or molecular size of the drug, promoting its passive transport across intestinal...
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Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Permeability Enhancement01:27

Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Permeability Enhancement

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Body:After oral administration, poor permeability often limits the rate at which drugs are absorbed through the intestinal epithelium. Enhancing drug permeability is crucial for effective therapy, and several strategies have been developed to overcome this challenge.One effective strategy involves the use of lipid-based formulations. These formulations enhance dissolution and solubility, targeting physiological mechanisms to increase drug absorption. This includes stimulating bile salt...
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Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems
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Deep eutectic solvents for pharmaceutical formulation and drug delivery applications.

Shahram Emami1, Ali Shayanfar2

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.

Pharmaceutical Development and Technology
|February 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) offer a green alternative for drug delivery systems (DDSs). These novel solvents show promise in solubilizing insoluble drugs and creating advanced drug carriers.

Keywords:
Deep eutectic solventsactive pharmaceutical ingredientdrug deliverynanomaterialsself-assemblysolubilitytoxicity

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Area of Science:

  • Green chemistry
  • Materials science
  • Pharmaceutical sciences

Background:

  • Solvents are crucial for drug delivery systems (DDSs), but pharmaceutically acceptable options are limited.
  • Developing new, environmentally friendly solvents is a significant area of research.
  • Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), formed from hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, are gaining attention as sustainable alternatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the recent advancements in the application of DESs over the last decade.
  • To explore the use of DESs in various drug delivery applications and material design.
  • To discuss the challenges and limitations associated with DESs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies published in the last ten years.
  • Analysis of DES properties, including low vapor pressure, non-flammability, and tunable solvency.
  • Examination of DES applications in drug solubilization, transdermal delivery, nanoparticle synthesis, and carrier design.

Main Results:

  • DESs demonstrate significant potential for solubilizing water-insoluble drugs.
  • They are effective in transdermal drug delivery and the synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles.
  • DESs facilitate the design of novel polymeric and self-assembled drug carriers.

Conclusions:

  • DESs present a versatile and green platform for various pharmaceutical and material science applications.
  • Their unique properties make them suitable for overcoming challenges in drug delivery.
  • Further consideration of DESs' limitations is necessary for their successful implementation.