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Related Concept Videos

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 27, 2025

How to Create and Use Binocular Rivalry
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Intra- and inter-hemispheric processing during binocular rivalry in mild glaucoma.

Luminita Tarita-Nistor1, Saba Samet1,2, Graham E Trope1,3

  • 1Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Plos One
|February 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mild glaucoma patients show impaired inter-hemispheric processing, detected via binocular rivalry. This visual system dysfunction occurs before standard functional measures decline, highlighting early neurodegenerative changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy damaging retinal ganglion cells.
  • It's a neurodegenerative disease affecting neural structures, including the corpus callosum involved in inter-hemispheric transfer.
  • Early detection of visual system dysfunction is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate inter-hemispheric processing dysfunction in mild glaucoma using binocular rivalry.
  • To determine if behavioral tests can detect visual system changes before standard functional deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Patients with mild glaucoma and age-matched controls underwent visual assessment.
  • Psychophysical tests using binocular rivalry were employed.
  • Sinewave gratings were presented dichoptically centrally and peripherally to assess intra- and inter-hemispheric processing.

Main Results:

  • Glaucoma patients exhibited a significantly lower binocular rivalry rate centrally compared to controls.
  • No significant difference was found for peripheral processing.
  • Normal tension glaucoma patients showed a 46% lower central rivalry rate.

Conclusions:

  • Mild glaucoma is associated with detectable inter-hemispheric transfer dysfunction.
  • Binocular rivalry is a sensitive behavioral measure for early glaucoma-related neurodegeneration.
  • This dysfunction precedes measurable changes in standard visual field tests.