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Related Concept Videos

Spermatogenesis01:41

Spermatogenesis

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Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male...
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Spermatogenesis is a complex process that involves the development of sperm cells from undifferentiated stem cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. The process is essential for the production of mature and functional sperm cells that are capable of fertilizing an egg.
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The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
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How does a complex organism such as a human develop from a single cell? It all starts from a single fertilized egg which gives rise to a vast array of cell types, such as nerve cells, muscle cells, and epithelial cells that characterize the adult? Throughout development and adulthood, cellular differentiation leads cells to assume their final morphology and physiology. Differentiation is the process by which unspecialized cells become specialized to carry out distinct functions.
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Meiosis is the process by which diploid cells divide to produce haploid daughter cells. In humans, each diploid cell contains 46 chromosomes, half from the mother and half from the father. Following meiosis, the resulting haploid eggs or sperm only contain 23 chromosomes; however, each of these chromosomes contains a unique combination of parental information that results from the meiotic process of crossing over.
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Meiosis is the process by which diploid cells divide to produce haploid daughter cells. In humans, each diploid cell contains 46 chromosomes, half from the mother and half from the father. Following meiosis, the resulting haploid eggs or sperm only contain 23 chromosomes; however, each of these chromosomes contains a unique combination of parental information that results from the meiotic process of crossing over.
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Stable Isotope In-Vivo Labeling for Mass-Spectrometry Identification of Paternal Metabolites Transferred from Sperm to Oocyte During Fertilization
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Metabolic Changes Accompanying Spermatogonial Stem Cell Differentiation.

Tessa Lord1, Brett Nixon1

  • 1Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Discipline of Biological Sciences, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia.

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Summary

Male fertility relies on spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) that shift their metabolism during development. Differentiating cells utilize oxidative phosphorylation, while SSCs favor glycolysis, impacting male reproductive health.

Keywords:
metabolismmitochondriaspermatogenesisspermatogonial stem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Cell Metabolism
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Male fertility depends on spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) for sperm production.
  • Spermatogonial transitions involve gene expression changes, but metabolic shifts are poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate metabolic changes accompanying spermatogonial differentiation.
  • To compare metabolic gene expression between SSCs and differentiating spermatogonia.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from mouse and human testes.
  • Comparative analysis of gene expression profiles focusing on metabolic pathways.

Main Results:

  • Differentiating spermatogonia show increased expression of genes for mitochondrial function, biogenesis, and oxidative phosphorylation.
  • Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) exhibit gene expression patterns indicative of a glycolytic metabolism.
  • Metabolic profiles are conserved across species (mouse and human).

Conclusions:

  • Spermatogonial differentiation is linked to a metabolic switch from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation.
  • Understanding these metabolic changes is crucial for male fertility research.
  • The microenvironment likely influences spermatogonial metabolism.