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Related Experiment Videos

Type A personality, self-control, and vulnerability to stress.

A B Heilbrun1, E B Friedberg

  • 1Psychology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322.

Journal of Personality Assessment
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Type A behavior, characterized by competitiveness and time-urgency, is linked to cardiovascular risk. However, self-control moderates this risk, with poor self-control exacerbating stress levels in Type A individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Health

Background:

  • Type A behavior, marked by competitiveness and hostility, is associated with increased stress and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk.
  • This behavior pattern aligns with traditional masculine traits, raising questions about its display and implications for women.
  • It is hypothesized that Type A behavior poses a risk only when extreme, suggesting a potential moderating factor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of self-control in Type A behavior among college students.
  • To examine gender differences in self-control among Type A and Type B individuals.
  • To determine if self-control moderates the relationship between Type A behavior and stress levels.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed Type A/B behavior patterns and self-control levels in college students.

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  • Analyzed self-control differences between genders within Type A and Type B groups.
  • Examined the interaction between Type A behavior, self-control, and daily stress levels.

    • Main Results:

    • Type A women exhibited significantly better self-control than Type B women.
    • Type A men displayed poorer self-control compared to Type B men.
    • Poorer self-control was associated with higher daily stress in both male and female Type A individuals, but not in Type Bs.

    Conclusions:

    • Self-control acts as a moderator, influencing the stress experienced by Type A individuals.
    • Only Type A individuals with poor self-control are vulnerable to excessive stress and potential CHD risk.
    • Understanding self-control's role is crucial for identifying individuals at risk within the Type A behavior spectrum.