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When a solid cylinder rolls steadily on a rigid surface, the normal force applied by the surface on the cylinder is perpendicular to the tangent at the contact point. However, since no materials are entirely rigid, the surface's reaction to the cylinder involves a range of normal pressures.
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A Microfluidic-based Hydrodynamic Trap for Single Particles
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Irreversible hydrodynamic trapping by surface rollers.

Alexander Chamolly1, Eric Lauga, Soichiro Tottori

  • 1Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK. ajc297@cam.ac.uk e.lauga@damtp.cam.ac.uk.

Soft Matter
|February 28, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Externally rotated colloidal particles create vortices that trap cargo. This trapping relies on irreversible interactions and is analogous to microfluidic particle separation techniques.

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Area of Science:

  • Colloidal science
  • Fluid dynamics
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Colloidal particles driven by rotation can self-propel along boundaries.
  • These particles generate vortical flows capable of trapping passive cargo.
  • The precise mechanism and conditions for this cargo trapping were not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism of cargo trapping by rotating colloidal particles near a boundary.
  • To investigate the conditions and parameters influencing this trapping.
  • To establish an analogy between this phenomenon and existing microfluidic separation techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical explanation using a two-dimensional model.
  • Numerical investigation in three dimensions across a range of parameters.
  • Analysis of geometrical parameters influencing trapping efficiency.

Main Results:

  • Cargo trapping is achieved through time-irreversible interactions between cargo and boundary.
  • This leads to cargo migration across streamlines into a steady flow vortex.
  • The trapping mechanism is analogous to deterministic lateral displacement (DLD).

Conclusions:

  • Thin, disc-like rollers provide the most favorable conditions for cargo trapping.
  • The study clarifies the physics behind self-propelled particle-based cargo manipulation.
  • This work has implications for microfluidic particle separation and targeted transport.