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Antioxidative stress-induced damage in cochlear explants.

Dalian Ding1,2,3, Jianghui Zhang2, Fang Liu4

  • 1Center for Hearing and Deafness, State University of New York at Buffalo, United States.

Journal of Otology
|February 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Excessive antioxidants can harm inner ear cells, leading to cochlear damage. This study shows that high doses of antioxidants disrupt the natural oxidative and antioxidant balance, causing hair cell injury.

Keywords:
Antioxidative stressCochleaCoenzyme Q-10D-methiodineM40403

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Area of Science:

  • Oto-toxicology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Oxidative stress, an imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidants, is implicated in inner ear cellular injury.
  • While oxidative stress is recognized, the effects of excessive antioxidant use on the inner ear remain under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential cochlear damage induced by excessive application of various antioxidants.
  • To determine if supra-physiological levels of antioxidants can be detrimental to cochlear cells.

Main Methods:

  • Cochlear explants were treated with specific antioxidants: M40403 (superoxide dismutase mimetic), coenzyme Q-10, and d-methionine.
  • Explants were incubated for 48 hours with 50 μM concentrations of each antioxidant.
  • Control explants were maintained in standard serum-free medium to establish baseline structural integrity.

Main Results:

  • Treatment with M40403 and coenzyme Q-10 resulted in significant hair cell damage and minor auditory nerve fiber injury.
  • d-methionine exposure led to severe damage to hair cell surface structures and complete loss of spiral ganglion neurons and their fibers.
  • Control explants retained normal structures, indicating the inherent oxidative and antioxidant balance was maintained.

Conclusions:

  • Excessive administration of antioxidants can be detrimental to cochlear cells.
  • Inappropriate antioxidant dosages can disrupt the delicate balance of inherent oxidative and antioxidant capacity within cochlear cells, leading to cellular damage.